Classism violates your thesis, because the values aren't in any way "seemingly coincidental" (and no values are objective, so I'm just ignoring that bit). It's a system purely defined on the predicate that a particular group is inferior.

I would go so far as to say that in general, if everyone from group A just happens to violate value B, then value B cannot be coincidental, and must be specifically intended to marginalise group A. The only possible alternative is the application of a double-standard, as in your option (d).